During the Parliamentary Session of 1991-1992, the Health Committee of the House of Commons conducted an investigation into Maternity Services in the United Kingdom. Under the chairmanship of Nicholas Winterton, MP, the Committee heard the views of midwives, obstetricians, pediatricians, GPs, health and social services administrators, dieticians and neonatal nurses. Most importantly, the Committee also listened to many women who spoke about their own experiences of the maternity services or who represented other women who had used or would use them in the future. Representatives of The National Childbirth Trust, the Maternity Alliance, the Association for Improvements in Maternity Services, the Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Society and the Society for Support after Termination for Abnormality spoke at length to the Committee about the kind of care they felt women wanted during pregnancy, when they were in labour and in the early days and months of parenthood. A 130-page summary of the Committee’s findings was published at the beginning of 1992. It stressed repeatedly that health professionals should not presume to know what is best for any individual woman, but confine themselves to the task – a very important one – of providing information to help women make their own decisions about the kind of care they want. The Health Committee stated that midwives should be the key professionals to care for the vast majority of women who have perfectly normal pregnancies and births and that obstetricians should only look after the few women who have complicated pregnancies. The Committee decided there was no evidence to suggest that home birth is unsafe for healthy women and asked health professionals to ensure that every woman knows she has the right to choose to have her baby at home.Following the publication of what became known as the Winterton Report, the Government set up an Expert Maternity Group to consider the Report’s findings. This group was chaired by Baroness Julia Cumberlege and published its own Report in 1993 entitled Changing Childbirth. It is a much shorter document than the Winterton Report and far more readable; you should be able to see a copy of it at any central library. The essence of Changing Childbirth is captured in the three ‘Cs’: Choice, Control and Continuity:CHOICE: a woman should be able to choose the type of care which she feels is best for her (for example, home birth or hospital birth; to receive maternity care from midwives or doctors).CONTROL: she should feel in control of what is happening to her because she is able to participate in decisions about her care.CONTINUITY: She should be able to get to know a small group of health professionals during her pregnancy who will care for her until a few weeks after her baby is born, rather than having to meet a different professional at every stage of her maternity care.Changing Childbirth is an exciting and revolutionary document. It constitutes a Bill of Rights for childbearing women. Maternity services are now being planned in accordance with its recommendations and women should soon be able to have more say in their care than they have ever had before.
Archive for May, 2010
The Winterton And Cumberlege Reports
Monday, May 31st, 2010Dog Potty Training
Monday, May 31st, 2010Dog Potty Training is not the same with potty training our kids like having them sit on a potty. Rather it’s training our dogs to where they should pee or poop. In most cases, the dog potty training area would be outside your house where we allow some odor.
Here is some useful information before we do a dog potty training.
When do we bring our dogs outside? How do we know if it’s time to take them out and do a dog potty training on him?
Right after he eats
Right after he wakes up
Right after taking him out of his crate
Right before he sleeps
When you observe them that they are looking around
Take the dog out right after you feed him or after you’ve given him a drink.
Do not punish the dog when he does pee or poop on your expensive furniture instead quietly clean up his mess and ignore him
To have an effective dog potty training clean the area thoroughly so that it won’t leave any trace or odor and its unlikely for him to unload on that spot again.
Check out what your dog is eating. Don’t give him high sugar foods which will give your dog low nutrition and low digestibility which would turn to high volume of waste.
Don’t give him treats before his naptime or when you’re going to leave him for a long period of time.
Dogs need to pee or poop 15-20 minutes after they eat
To be effective in the dog potty training do not take your dog inside right away right after he unloads. He will be having an impression that that once they’re done “the fun of being outside” would be cut abruptly. So stay with him and take him for a walk.
Now, how to do a dog potty training. Puppies are easier to do a dog puppy training rather than older dogs. The right age to do a dog potty training is when they are still 6 months old. This is the time when they are like input-output machines. This is the age where most dog trainers teach dogs about skills and tricks.
The most popular method is the newspaper dog potty training.
Confine the puppy to a small room filled with newspaper, I mean place the sheets of paper on the floor. Put his toys, bed, food and water bowls on it At first the puppy will pee and poop everywhere in that newspaper filled room. Worse is that he’s gonna play with the paper or chew with it. This is alright as long as you clean up his mess and change it with new sets of newspaper.
While he is restricted to that small area he will have a habit of urinating and unloading his dirt on those newspapers because everywhere he goes its all in paper. He will then choose a spot where he unloads. As soon as he establishes this spot take out the other paper far from it. Eventually what will be left will be a spot of newspaper not really big where he prefers to unload. When this happens, I can say that you’re on the right track in doing dog potty training.
Now move the piece of paper one inch a day to your chosen area. When he misses then go back few steps backward you might have move the paper too soon. Dog potty training needs patience and there will be times when the puppy makes remarkable development and misses at times that you have to do the whole process again. Just follow the steps and you will have a successful dog potty training.
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